Biography of Raffaello Santi.

Raffaello Santi

The Italian painter Raffaello was one of the most important painters and architects of the Italian Renaissance. Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino, known as Rafael for short, is an Italian painter and architect of the Renaissance period. There were four great representatives of the Italian High Renaissance; Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo Buonarroti, Donatello and Raffaello

Raffaello, whose father was the painter Giovanni Santi, was born on March 28, 1483 in the Urbino district of Florence in Italy.

In 1491, at the age of 8, his mother lost Magia, and thereupon his father remarried. after 3 years, Raphael's only guardian, who also lost his father in 1494, was his reverend uncle Bartolomeo, but his stepmother did not leave him. The priest Bartolomeo, who sued the stepmother, had lost his niece to the law.

He began his painting studies under Timoteo Viti. in 1495, he moved to the workshop of Pietro Perugino and became his assistant. He developed his art through an apprenticeship in the workshop of the Italian painter Pietro Perugino.

At the age of 11, Raffaello reorganized his father's workshop and continued to educate himself with his work. The first important work of the young painter, who showed that he would succeed with his self-portraits, was an ‘altarpiece’, that is, a framed painting placed behind the altar in churches. The Baronci Altarpiece, which he made when he was just 17 years old for the Andrea Baronci Chapel of the Church of Sant'Agostino, had 31 cm of paint and 27 cm of width. This job took him a year and he became known as the ‘master’ in the region. In addition, 4 years after this work, he made frescoes for different churches of Italy.

Between 1501 and 1504, there was a nomadic life for Raffaello, in which he earned his living doing freelance work. december 1501-1504. Living in various places in the north of Italy, the young artist was ordained a priest by Pope John Paul II in 1508. At the special invitation of Julius, he went to the Vatican. Raffaello decorated the Pope's library in the Vatican, where Michelangelo Buonarroti also worked, and covered the walls with his paintings on fabric. Raffaello, who fascinated the Pope with these works, became almost indispensable for the Vatican. Raffaello was fascinated by the work “The Creation of Adam” by Michelangelo Buonarroti, who also worked at the Sistine Chapel, the Pope's place of residence, which was opened the same year Raffaello was born.

In 1504, he went to Florence. He stayed in this city for four years and studied the works of Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo Buonarroti.

In his paintings such as the Madonna of Decaton and the Madonna of Esterhazy, which he made between 1505 and 1507, both the composition and the placement of the figures clearly reflected that he was influenced by Leonardo.

It is believed that Raffaello, who raised such apprentices as Giulio Romano, Gianfrancesco Penni, Perino del Vaga, Polidoro da Caravaggio, Pallegrino Aretusi, Tommaso Vincidor, Timoteo Viti, did not marry. ‘It is thought’ that he did not marry Maria Bibbiena, to whom he became engaged in 1514. Because Raffaello's greatest love, who is known to everyone today, books are written and films are made on him, was not Maria, who died in 1520, but Margarita, the ‘baker's daughter’. Raffaello was passionately attached to Margarita Luti, modeling for the paintings of the Virgin Mary. In fact, as a result of a study, it was proved that the painting of the Virgin Mary was later modified.

The artist spent twelve years of his short decadent life in Rome, where he repeatedly produced masterpieces. in 1508, Pope Pius II.He was summoned to Rome by Julius to decorate rooms in the Vatican Palace.

the frescoes of the Segnatoire room, which he completed in 1511, were celebrated with joy. The artist also worked on the frescoes of the Eliodoro room between dec512 and 1514.

Upon Bramante's death in 1514, he took over the unfinished works in the Basilica of San Pietro.

in 1515, Pope John Paul X.He entrusted Leo Raffaello with the task of preserving valuable Roman inscriptions. Thereupon he prepared an archaeological map of Rome and took care of inspecting the ancient monuments in the city.

A year after that, he introduced a new design concept by overcoming the principles of the High Renaissance with the Madama Villa, which he designed himself.

in his last years after 1517, he devoted most of his time to architectural studies. He built the Church of San Pietro, as well as the Aquila Palace, and built a large villa within the Giullano de Medici.

Raffaello, 37. he died in Italy in 1520 on the day of his birthday. After this sad event, a great sadness covered the papal palace. The artist's funeral was held in the Vatican, and he was buried in the Pantheon.

His Main Works are: Allegori, The Three Beauties, Portrait of Agnolo Doni, Madonna of Niccolini-cowper, Madonna of the Sistine, Portrait of Balthasar Castiglione, I.The Holy Family of François, The Knight's Dream, The Marriage of Mary, The Placement of Jesus in the Tomb, The Controversy, The Athenian School, Parnassus, The Laws, The Madonna of the Sedia, The Ascension of Jesus to Heaven, The Coronation.